The term "Johor-Riau" refers to a historical and cultural region that encompasses the Johor state in Malaysia and the Riau Islands in Indonesia. This area is known for its rich maritime history, as it was once part of the Malacca Sultanate and later the Johor Sultanate. The region has significant economic ties, particularly in trade and tourism, due to its strategic location along the Strait of Malacca. Johor-Riau is characterized by its diverse cultures, languages, and traditions, influenced by Malay, Chinese, and indigenous communities. The region is also famous for its natural beauty, featuring beautiful beaches, islands, and lush landscapes. Both Johor and Riau share a common heritage, making them important for understanding the historical connections between Malaysia and Indonesia.