John Payton was a prominent American attorney known for his work in civil rights law. He served as the president and managing partner of the Vinson & Elkins law firm and was also the first African American to hold this position. Payton was recognized for his dedication to social justice and equality, often advocating for underrepresented communities. In addition to his legal career, John Payton played a significant role in various high-profile cases, including those involving voting rights and education equity. He was a former director-counsel of the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund, where he worked to advance civil rights through litigation and policy advocacy.