John McCarthy was an American computer scientist and cognitive scientist, widely recognized as one of the founders of the field of Artificial Intelligence (AI). Born on September 4, 1927, he coined the term "artificial intelligence" in 1956 and organized the famous Dartmouth Conference, which is considered the birthplace of AI as a field of study. Throughout his career, McCarthy made significant contributions to computer science, including the development of the LISP programming language, which became essential for AI research. He also worked on various AI projects and was a professor at Stanford University, influencing generations of researchers and students in the field.