John Humphrey Noyes was an American preacher and social reformer, best known for founding the Oneida Community in 1848. This religious group practiced communal living and shared property, aiming to create a utopian society based on his interpretation of Christianity. Noyes believed in the concept of "perfectionism," which held that individuals could achieve a sinless state through communal support. Noyes also introduced the practice of "complex marriage," where all members of the community were considered married to one another. His ideas were controversial and led to criticism, but the Oneida Community thrived for several decades before eventually dissolving in the late 19th century.