The Java Virtual Machine (JVM) is an abstract computing machine that enables a computer to run Java programs. It interprets compiled Java bytecode, allowing developers to write code once and run it anywhere, regardless of the underlying hardware or operating system. This portability is a key feature of the Java programming language. The JVM also provides essential services such as memory management, garbage collection, and security. It acts as a runtime environment that ensures Java applications operate consistently across different platforms, making it a crucial component of the Java Development Kit (JDK) and the broader Java ecosystem.