Japanese rock gardens, also known as zen gardens, are minimalist landscapes designed to promote meditation and reflection. They typically feature carefully arranged rocks, gravel, and sand, which symbolize natural elements like mountains and rivers. The raked patterns in the gravel represent water ripples, creating a serene atmosphere. These gardens originated in Japan during the Muromachi period (14th to 16th centuries) and are often found in Buddhist temples. The simplicity and tranquility of rock gardens encourage mindfulness, making them popular spaces for contemplation and relaxation. They reflect the Japanese aesthetic of harmony with nature and the importance of simplicity.