The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) is the national organization responsible for space and planetary research, satellite development, and aerospace exploration in Japan. Established in 2003, JAXA combines the efforts of three previous organizations to enhance Japan's capabilities in space technology and exploration. JAXA conducts various missions, including launching satellites, exploring the Moon and Mars, and developing the International Space Station (ISS) modules. The agency also focuses on advancing space science and technology, contributing to global efforts in understanding the universe and addressing challenges on Earth.