The January Uprising was a Polish insurrection that began on January 22, 1863, against the Russian Empire's control over Poland. It aimed to restore Polish independence and was characterized by guerrilla warfare and widespread support from the Polish population. The uprising was marked by a series of battles and skirmishes, but it ultimately faced significant challenges due to a lack of resources and military organization. Despite initial successes, the uprising was suppressed by Russian forces by late 1864. The aftermath led to harsh reprisals against Polish nationalists and a further tightening of Russian control over the region. The January Uprising remains a significant event in Polish history, symbolizing the struggle for national identity and independence.