James Stewart, 5th Earl of Moray (c. 1552–1592), was a Scottish nobleman and a prominent figure in the political landscape of 16th-century Scotland. He was the son of James Stewart, 4th Earl of Moray and Lady Agnes Keith. His tenure as Earl was marked by his involvement in the conflicts between the Protestant and Catholic factions during the Scottish Reformation. As a supporter of the Protestant cause, James played a significant role in the political struggles of his time, including the Mary, Queen of Scots controversy. He was appointed as a member of the Privy Council and held various positions of influence, contributing to the governance of Scotland during a tumultuous period.