James Allison is an American immunologist known for his groundbreaking work in cancer research. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2018 for his discovery of immune checkpoint inhibitors, which are therapies that help the immune system recognize and attack cancer cells. His research has significantly advanced the field of oncology and has led to new treatment options for patients. Allison was born on August 7, 1948, in Alice, Texas. He earned his Ph.D. from the University of Texas at Austin and has held positions at various prestigious institutions, including the MD Anderson Cancer Center. His contributions have paved the way for innovative cancer therapies, improving survival rates for many patients.