Jamaican history began with the arrival of the Taíno people, who inhabited the island long before European contact. In 1494, Christopher Columbus claimed Jamaica for Spain, leading to the colonization and exploitation of the indigenous population. By the 17th century, the British took control, establishing sugar plantations that relied heavily on enslaved Africans. The struggle for freedom began in the 18th century, culminating in the Abolition of Slavery in 1834. Jamaica gained independence from Britain on August 6, 1962, becoming a sovereign nation. Today, Jamaica is known for its rich culture, including reggae music and vibrant traditions.