Jakarta, the capital of Indonesia, has a rich history that dates back to the 4th century when it was known as Sunda Kelapa, a port city for the Sunda Kingdom. In the 16th century, the city was taken over by the Portuguese, who established trade relations, but it was later captured by the Dutch in 1619 and renamed Batavia. The Dutch made it a major trading hub in Southeast Asia. During the 20th century, Jakarta played a significant role in Indonesia's struggle for independence from Dutch colonial rule, which was achieved in 1945. Following independence, the city was renamed Jakarta and became the political and economic center of the country. Today, it is a bustling metropolis known for its diverse culture and rapid urban development.