J. Philippe Rushton was a Canadian psychologist known for his controversial research in the fields of intelligence and race. He was a professor at the University of Western Ontario and gained attention for his theories on the relationship between race, intelligence, and behavior, which he published in various academic journals and books. Rushton's work often sparked debate and criticism, particularly for his views on racial differences in cognitive abilities. He founded the Pioneer Fund, an organization that supported research on heredity and intelligence, which further fueled discussions about the ethical implications of his research and its impact on social policies.