Italian pasta is a staple food made from durum wheat flour and water. It comes in various shapes and sizes, such as spaghetti, penne, and fusilli, each suited for different types of sauces and dishes. Pasta can be fresh or dried, with fresh pasta typically having a softer texture. Cooking pasta involves boiling it in salted water until it reaches the desired level of doneness, known as "al dente." It is often served with a variety of sauces, including marinara, alfredo, and pesto, making it a versatile ingredient in many cuisines around the world.