Italian literature encompasses a rich tradition of written works that have evolved over centuries, beginning in the Middle Ages. It includes notable genres such as poetry, prose, and drama, with significant contributions from authors like Dante Alighieri, Petrarch, and Boccaccio. The Renaissance period marked a flourishing of literature, emphasizing humanism and classical themes. In the modern era, Italian literature has continued to thrive, with influential writers such as Italo Calvino and Umberto Eco. The literature often reflects Italy's diverse culture, history, and social issues, showcasing a variety of styles and voices that resonate both nationally and internationally.