Isotropy refers to the property of being uniform in all directions. In an isotropic material, physical properties such as density, elasticity, and thermal conductivity remain constant regardless of the direction in which they are measured. This concept is important in various fields, including physics, engineering, and materials science. In contrast, anisotropic materials exhibit different properties when measured along different directions. For example, wood is often anisotropic because its strength and flexibility vary depending on the grain direction. Understanding isotropy helps scientists and engineers design materials and structures that perform consistently under various conditions.