Islamist movements are political and social movements that seek to implement Islamic principles in governance and society. These movements can vary widely in their goals, methods, and interpretations of Islam. Some advocate for peaceful reform and participation in democratic processes, while others may resort to violence to achieve their aims. These movements often emerge in response to perceived injustices, such as political oppression or economic inequality. They can be found in various regions, including the Middle East, North Africa, and South Asia, and include groups like the Muslim Brotherhood and Hamas, each with distinct ideologies and strategies.