Isaias Afwerki is the first President of Eritrea, having held the position since the country gained independence in 1993. He played a significant role in the struggle for independence from Ethiopia, leading the Eritrean People's Liberation Front during the long conflict. His leadership has been marked by a focus on national unity and development. Under Afwerki's rule, Eritrea has faced criticism for its human rights record and lack of political pluralism. The government maintains strict control over political activities and media, leading to concerns from international organizations. Despite these issues, Afwerki remains a central figure in Eritrean politics.