Irving Langmuir was an American chemist and physicist born on January 31, 1881, and he passed away on August 16, 1957. He is best known for his work in surface chemistry and for developing the concept of Langmuir isotherm, which describes how molecules adsorb onto surfaces. His research significantly advanced the understanding of chemical reactions at surfaces. In 1932, Langmuir was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his contributions to the field. He also invented the Langmuir-Blodgett film technique, which allows for the creation of thin films of materials. His work has had a lasting impact on various scientific disciplines, including materials science and nanotechnology.