Iron carbonates are chemical compounds that consist of iron and carbonate ions. The most common form is siderite, which has the formula FeCO₃. These minerals are typically found in sedimentary rocks and can form in various geological environments, often associated with the presence of organic matter. Iron carbonates play a significant role in the carbon cycle and can influence soil chemistry and plant growth. They are also important in industrial applications, such as in the production of iron and steel. Understanding their properties helps in fields like geology, environmental science, and materials engineering.