Irish literature refers to the body of written works produced in Ireland or by Irish authors, encompassing a wide range of genres, styles, and themes. It includes ancient texts in the Irish language, as well as works in English that reflect the country's rich cultural heritage. Notable periods include the Celtic era, the 19th century, and the 20th century, which saw the emergence of influential writers. Prominent figures in Irish literature include James Joyce, W.B. Yeats, and Samuel Beckett, who have made significant contributions to modern literature. Themes often explore identity, nationalism, and the complexities of life in Ireland, making Irish literature a vital part of global literary traditions.