The Irish Literary Theatre was founded in 1899 in Dublin, aiming to promote Irish literature and drama. It was established by notable figures such as W.B. Yeats, Lady Gregory, and John Synge, who sought to create a national identity through the arts. The theatre showcased original works that reflected Irish culture and themes. The theatre's first production was Yeats's play "The Countess Cathleen." It played a crucial role in the Irish Cultural Revival, inspiring future generations of playwrights and artists. The success of the Irish Literary Theatre eventually led to the establishment of the Abbey Theatre in 1904, which continues to be a prominent institution in Irish theatre.