Irish family names, also known as surnames, often reflect the history and heritage of the Irish people. Many surnames are derived from the Gaelic language, with prefixes like "O'" meaning "descendant of" and "Mac" meaning "son of." This naming tradition highlights lineage and ancestry, connecting families to their ancestors. Additionally, Irish surnames can indicate geographic origins or occupations. For example, names like Murphy may originate from a specific region, while others like Smith can denote a trade. Understanding these names provides insight into the rich cultural tapestry of Ireland and its people.