The Irish Citizen Army was a paramilitary group formed in 1913 in response to the poor working conditions faced by workers in Ireland. It aimed to protect workers during strikes and promote socialist ideals. The group played a significant role in the Easter Rising of 1916, where they fought for Irish independence from British rule. Led by figures like James Connolly, the Irish Citizen Army consisted mainly of trade unionists and socialist activists. Their involvement in the Easter Rising marked a pivotal moment in Irish history, as it helped to galvanize support for the cause of Irish nationalism and ultimately led to the establishment of the Irish Free State.