Ionia was an ancient region located on the western coast of Anatolia, in present-day Turkey. It was known for its rich cultural and intellectual contributions, particularly during the Classical Greek period. The area was home to several important cities, including Ephesus, Miletus, and Smyrna, which played significant roles in trade and philosophy. The people of Ionia were known as Ionians and were among the first to develop the concept of democracy. They made notable advancements in science, mathematics, and literature, with famous figures like the philosopher Thales and the poet Homer often associated with the region.