Intumescent coating is a type of fire-resistant material applied to surfaces, typically made of steel or wood. When exposed to high temperatures, it expands significantly, forming a thick, insulating char layer that protects the underlying material from flames and heat. This helps to delay structural failure during a fire, providing additional time for evacuation and firefighting efforts. These coatings are commonly used in commercial and industrial buildings, as well as in some residential applications. They can be applied as a paint or spray and are often part of a broader fire protection strategy, which may include fire alarms, sprinkler systems, and other safety measures.