Intestinal microbiota refers to the diverse community of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa, that reside in the digestive tract, particularly in the large intestine. These microorganisms play a crucial role in digestion, helping to break down complex carbohydrates and synthesize essential vitamins, such as vitamin K and some B vitamins. The balance of intestinal microbiota is vital for overall health. A healthy microbiota can enhance the immune system, protect against harmful pathogens, and contribute to metabolic processes. Disruptions in this balance, often caused by factors like diet, antibiotics, or illness, can lead to various health issues, including inflammatory bowel disease and obesity.