International systems refer to the structured interactions and relationships between countries and other global actors. These systems can include political, economic, and social dimensions, shaping how nations cooperate, compete, and resolve conflicts. Key components often involve international organizations like the United Nations and treaties that establish rules and norms for behavior among states. The concept of international systems also encompasses various theories, such as realism and liberalism, which explain how power dynamics and cooperation influence global affairs. Understanding these systems helps analyze issues like trade, security, and human rights on a worldwide scale, highlighting the interconnectedness of nations.