Integral transforms are mathematical operations that convert a function into another function, often simplifying complex problems. They are widely used in various fields such as engineering, physics, and signal processing. Common types of integral transforms include the Fourier Transform and the Laplace Transform, which help analyze functions in different domains. These transforms work by integrating a function multiplied by a kernel function, which changes the function's representation. This process can reveal important properties, such as frequency components or stability, making it easier to solve differential equations or perform data analysis. Integral transforms are essential tools in both theoretical and applied mathematics.