Insect stings occur when certain insects, such as bees, wasps, and hornets, inject venom into their target using a specialized structure called a stinger. This venom can cause pain, swelling, and redness at the sting site. Reactions vary from mild discomfort to severe allergic responses, depending on the individual's sensitivity to the venom. Most stings can be treated at home with basic first aid, including cleaning the area, applying ice, and taking over-the-counter pain relievers. However, if someone experiences difficulty breathing, swelling of the face or throat, or rapid heartbeat, they should seek immediate medical attention, as these may be signs of anaphylaxis.