Insect pathogens are microorganisms that cause diseases in insects. These pathogens include bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa, which can infect various insect species. They play a crucial role in regulating insect populations and can be used in biological control to manage pest species in agriculture. Some well-known insect pathogens are Bacillus thuringiensis, a bacterium used as a natural pesticide, and Nosema, a genus of fungi that infects honeybees. These pathogens can affect the health and behavior of insects, leading to population declines and impacting ecosystems. Understanding insect pathogens is essential for pest management and ecological balance.