Informal settlements are areas where people live without official approval from the government. These communities often arise due to rapid urbanization, where individuals move to cities in search of better opportunities but cannot afford formal housing. As a result, they build makeshift homes on land that may not be legally owned or designated for residential use. Residents of informal settlements typically face challenges such as inadequate access to basic services like clean water, sanitation, and electricity. These areas are often characterized by overcrowding and poor infrastructure, making it difficult for inhabitants to improve their living conditions. Governments and organizations often work to address these issues through various initiatives.