Inertial confinement is a method used in nuclear fusion research where a small pellet of fusion fuel, typically a mixture of deuterium and tritium, is compressed and heated to extreme conditions. This is achieved by using powerful lasers or other energy sources to rapidly deliver energy to the pellet's surface, causing it to implode and create the necessary temperature and pressure for fusion to occur. The goal of inertial confinement is to replicate the processes that occur in stars, including our Sun, where fusion reactions produce vast amounts of energy. Successful inertial confinement could lead to a clean and virtually limitless source of energy for the future.