Indian astronomy has a rich history that dates back thousands of years. Ancient Indian texts, such as the Surya Siddhanta, provided detailed calculations of celestial bodies and their movements. Indian astronomers, like Aryabhata and Brahmagupta, made significant contributions to the understanding of planetary motion and eclipses, laying the groundwork for future astronomical studies. The use of instruments, such as the Jantar Mantar observatories built in the 18th century, showcased advanced techniques for observing celestial phenomena. Indian astronomers also developed a unique calendar system based on lunar and solar cycles, which is still influential in various cultural practices today.