India's nuclear program began in the 1940s, focusing on peaceful uses of nuclear energy. The program gained momentum after the first successful nuclear test in 1974, known as Smiling Buddha. This test marked India's entry into the group of countries with nuclear capabilities, emphasizing its commitment to developing a self-reliant nuclear technology. In 1998, India conducted a series of tests called Operation Shakti, which confirmed its status as a nuclear power. The program is overseen by the Department of Atomic Energy and aims to enhance energy security while maintaining a policy of no-first-use regarding nuclear weapons.