Incunabula refers to books printed in Europe before 1501, during the early years of the printing press invention by Johannes Gutenberg. These works are significant because they mark the transition from hand-copied manuscripts to printed texts, making literature more accessible to the public. The term "incunabula" comes from the Latin word for "cradle," symbolizing the early stages of book production. Many incunabula are valuable for their historical, cultural, and artistic significance, often featuring intricate illustrations and unique typography that reflect the Renaissance period's influence on literature and art.