Incretins are hormones released by the intestines in response to food intake. They help regulate blood sugar levels by stimulating the pancreas to produce more insulin when glucose is present. This action helps lower blood sugar levels after meals. Additionally, incretins slow down gastric emptying, which means food stays in the stomach longer. This can lead to a feeling of fullness and reduced appetite. The two main incretin hormones are glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP). These hormones play a crucial role in maintaining glucose homeostasis in the body.