Incremental encoders are devices used to measure the position or movement of a rotating object, such as a motor shaft. They generate a series of electrical pulses as the shaft turns, allowing for precise tracking of its position. The number of pulses produced per rotation determines the encoder's resolution, which is crucial for applications requiring accurate movement control. These encoders typically consist of a disk with patterns and a light source or sensor that detects changes as the disk rotates. Commonly used in robotics and industrial automation, incremental encoders help improve the performance of systems like servo motors and CNC machines.