Impact testing is a method used to determine the toughness of materials by measuring their ability to absorb energy during a sudden force or impact. This testing helps identify how materials behave under extreme conditions, such as in construction or manufacturing, ensuring they can withstand unexpected stresses without breaking. One common type of impact testing is the Charpy test, where a notched sample is struck by a swinging pendulum. The energy absorbed by the sample during fracture is measured, providing valuable data on its ductility and brittleness. This information is crucial for engineers and designers to select appropriate materials for various applications.