Immunohematology is a branch of medical science that focuses on the study of blood and its components, particularly how the immune system interacts with them. It plays a crucial role in blood transfusions, organ transplants, and pregnancy, ensuring that blood types are compatible and that the body does not reject foreign blood cells. This field combines aspects of immunology and hematology, helping to diagnose and treat conditions related to blood disorders. By understanding how antibodies react to different blood types, healthcare professionals can prevent serious complications during medical procedures and improve patient safety.