Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP) is a blood disorder characterized by a low platelet count, which can lead to easy bruising, bleeding, and the appearance of small red or purple spots on the skin known as purpura. The condition occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys platelets, which are essential for blood clotting. ITP can be classified as either acute or chronic. Acute ITP often affects children and may follow a viral infection, while chronic ITP is more common in adults and can persist for years. Treatment options include medications, lifestyle changes, and in some cases, surgical procedures like splenectomy, which involves the removal of the spleen, an organ that helps regulate platelets.