IL-1β is a pro-inflammatory cytokine, which is a type of signaling molecule involved in the immune response. It is produced mainly by activated macrophages and plays a crucial role in regulating inflammation and immune system activities. Elevated levels of IL-1β are often associated with various inflammatory diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease. This cytokine works by promoting the activation of immune cells and the production of other inflammatory mediators. It also contributes to fever and the acute phase response, which are part of the body's defense mechanisms against infections and injuries. Understanding IL-1β is important for developing targeted therapies for inflammatory conditions.