Hyphenated surnames are last names that combine two family names using a hyphen. This practice often occurs when individuals marry and choose to keep both surnames, reflecting both family heritages. For example, if Jane Smith marries John Doe, she might choose to use the surname Smith-Doe. These surnames can also be used for children, allowing them to carry both parents' names. Hyphenated surnames can vary in format, with some people using multiple hyphens or even combining more than two names. This naming convention is common in many cultures and can signify family unity and identity.