Hydroxylation is a chemical process that involves the addition of a hydroxyl group (–OH) to a molecule. This reaction is important in various biological and industrial processes, as it can modify the properties of organic compounds, making them more soluble or reactive. Hydroxylation often occurs in the metabolism of drugs and other substances within the body, helping to detoxify and eliminate them. In nature, hydroxylation is commonly facilitated by enzymes known as hydroxylases. These enzymes play a crucial role in the biosynthesis of important compounds, such as steroids and amino acids. Hydroxylation can also be used in the production of pharmaceuticals, where it helps to enhance the efficacy and safety of drugs.