David Hume was an 18th-century Scottish philosopher known for his influential ideas in empiricism and skepticism. He argued that human knowledge arises from sensory experiences and that our understanding of the world is shaped by what we perceive. Hume is often associated with the Scottish Enlightenment, a period marked by significant intellectual advancements in Scotland. Hume also explored the nature of human emotions and morality, suggesting that reason is often guided by feelings rather than the other way around. His work laid the groundwork for later philosophers, including Immanuel Kant, who responded to Hume's challenges regarding causation and knowledge.