The Huguenots were French Protestants who followed the teachings of John Calvin during the 16th and 17th centuries. They faced severe persecution in predominantly Catholic France, leading to conflicts such as the French Wars of Religion. Many Huguenots sought refuge in other countries, including England, the Netherlands, and North America. In 1598, the Edict of Nantes granted them limited rights and freedoms, but this was revoked in 1685, prompting a mass exodus. Huguenots contributed significantly to the cultures and economies of their new homes, particularly in areas like South Africa and the United States.