Hong Xiuquan was a Chinese religious leader and revolutionary who lived from 1814 to 1864. He is best known for founding the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, a massive civil war against the Qing Dynasty. Hong claimed to be the younger brother of Jesus Christ and sought to establish a new society based on his interpretation of Christianity. The Taiping Rebellion, which lasted from 1850 to 1864, was one of the deadliest conflicts in history, resulting in millions of deaths. Hong's movement aimed to reform Chinese society, abolish traditional practices, and promote gender equality. Despite initial successes, the rebellion ultimately failed, leading to Hong's death and the restoration of Qing control.