The Hollerith Card is a type of punched card developed by Herman Hollerith in the late 19th century. It was used for data processing and information storage, featuring holes punched in specific locations to represent data. This innovation allowed for the efficient sorting and counting of information, significantly improving the speed of data analysis. Hollerith's invention played a crucial role in the 1890 U.S. Census, where it helped process vast amounts of data quickly. The success of the Hollerith Card led to the founding of the Tabulating Machine Company, which eventually became part of IBM.