Hoarseness is a change in the voice that makes it sound raspy, strained, or weak. It occurs when the vocal cords in the larynx become inflamed or irritated, affecting their ability to vibrate properly. Common causes include viral infections, overuse of the voice, allergies, and exposure to irritants like smoke. In most cases, hoarseness is temporary and resolves on its own. However, if it lasts longer than two weeks, it may indicate a more serious condition, such as vocal cord nodules or laryngeal cancer. Seeking medical advice can help determine the underlying cause and appropriate treatment.