The history of railways began in the early 19th century with the development of steam locomotives. The first successful railway, the Stockton and Darlington Railway, opened in 1825 in England, allowing for the transportation of goods and passengers over long distances. This innovation revolutionized travel and trade, leading to the expansion of rail networks across Europe and North America. By the late 1800s, railways had become a vital part of industrialization, connecting cities and facilitating economic growth. The introduction of electric and diesel locomotives in the 20th century further improved efficiency and speed, making rail transport a key component of modern infrastructure.